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CBP Body Cavity and Medical X-Ray Searches at the Border

MEDICAL INTERNAL SEARCHES BY CBP

CBP Body Cavity and Medical X-Ray Searches at the Border

CBP treats body cavity searches and medical X-rays as highly intrusive search procedures. Physically intrusive body cavity searches must be performed by medical practitioners at medical facilities, and CBP policy imposes supervisory, consent, warrant and documentation requirements.

Special Safeguards Include

  • Medical practitioners
  • Medical facility
  • Supervisory approval
  • Consent or judicial authorization
  • Documentation

Body Cavity Search Has a Specific Definition

CBP defines a body cavity search as an internal search involving visual or physical intrusion into the rectal or vaginal cavity.

CBP policy treats physically intrusive body cavity searches as exceptional procedures, not ordinary secondary-inspection searches.

CBP Officers May Not Perform a Physically Intrusive Body Cavity Search

Current TEDS standards prohibit CBP officers and agents from conducting physically intrusive body cavity searches themselves. Such searches are to be performed by medical practitioners at a medical facility.

Physically Intrusive Searches Are Reserved for Exceptional Circumstances

CBP standards state that physically intrusive body cavity searches should be conducted only under the most exceptional circumstances.

Supervisor Approval and Consent or a Warrant Are Required

CBP policy requires approval from an authorized supervisor and consent or a search warrant before a body cavity search, subject to an emergency medical exception where a qualified medical practitioner determines immediate action is required to protect the detainee’s health.

Only Medical Practitioners May Observe the Intrusive Search

CBP policy states that only medical practitioners may observe a physically intrusive body cavity search. CBP personnel may be present only for specified evidence, safety and security functions.

Medical X-Rays Have Separate Requirements

A medical X-ray search is an internal search used to determine whether contraband is present within the body. The X-ray must be conducted and interpreted by qualified medical practitioners at a medical facility.

X-Rays Require Supervisory Approval

CBP policy requires supervisory approval before an X-ray search.

For a voluntary X-ray, consent must be freely and voluntarily given. An involuntary X-ray requires a court order and is reserved for extraordinary circumstances.

Consent to an X-Ray Can Be Revoked

CBP standards state that a detainee may revoke consent to an X-ray at any time. If consent is revoked, officers must tell the medical practitioner to stop the consent-based X-ray and notify a supervisor.

Pregnancy Has Additional Protections

CBP policy prohibits involuntary X-rays of pregnant detainees and contains separate procedures when medical personnel determine that pregnancy testing is necessary before an X-ray.

All Intrusive Searches Must Be Documented

CBP standards require documentation of body cavity and medical X-ray searches, including relevant authorization and results.

If a search later becomes an issue, responsive CBP inspection records may be obtainable through FOIA.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a CBP officer personally conduct an internal body cavity search?

CBP policy prohibits officers and agents from conducting physically intrusive body cavity searches themselves. Those searches are performed by medical practitioners.

Can CBP force an X-ray without consent?

CBP policy states that an involuntary X-ray requires a court order and is limited to extraordinary circumstances.

Can I withdraw consent after agreeing to an X-ray?

CBP policy states that consent to an X-ray can be revoked at any time, including at the medical facility.

Intrusive Medical Searches Should Be Reviewed Separately From Ordinary Secondary Inspection

The records should show the reason for the search, supervisory authorization, medical involvement and whether consent or judicial authorization was used.